语言学高级教程 第2版=Linguistics An Advanced Course Book【2025|PDF|Epub|mobi|kindle电子书版本百度云盘下载】

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Chapter 1 Linguistics—A Pilot Science1

1.1 Why Study Linguistics？1

1.2 What Is Language？—Defining the Object of Study2

1.3 Origin of Language3

1.4 Design Features of Language4

1.5 Animal Communication Systems，Gesture and Other Language Forms9

1.6 Perspectives of Language Studies12

1.7 Functions of Language15

1.8 Important Distinctions in Linguistics20

1.9 Data of Linguistics28

1.10 Status and Prospect of Linguistics29

Chapter 2 Phonological Analysis34

2.1 Transcribing Speech Sounds34

2.2 Consonants and Vowels38

2.3 Phonemic vs.Phonetic Transcriptions46

2.4 Distinctive Features and Rule Representation49

2.5 Suprasegmentals and Feature Geometry53

2.6 Optimality Theory57

2.7 Conclusion62

Chapter 3 Morphology68

3.1 Morphemes，Morphs and Allomorphs68

3.2 Classification of Morphemes70

3.3 Morphemization73

3.4 Allomorphy74

3.5 Word，Word-form and Lexeme76

3.6 Morphology and Word-formation78

3.7 Approaches and Problems86

Chapter 4 Generative Syntax91

4.1 Generative Grammar：Some Basic Assumptions91

4.2 Phrase Structure Rules94

4.3 Projection from Lexicon101

4.4 The Minimalist Approach130

Chapter 5 Functional Syntax148

5.1 Vilem Mathesius148

5.2 Frantisek Danes162

5.3 Michael Halliday172

5.4 Summary183

Chapter 6 Semantics190

6.1 Introduction190

6.2 Meanings of “Meaning”191

6.3 The Referential Theory192

6.4 Sense Relations194

6.5 Componential Analysis199

6.6 Sentence Meaning202

Chapter 7 Linguistic Comparison217

7.1 Introduction217

7.2 Comparative and Historical Linguistics217

7.3 Typological Comparison232

7.4 Contrastive Linguistics245

Chapter 8 Language，Culture，and Society258

8.1 Introduction258

8.2 Language and Culture259

8.3 Language and Society269

8.4 Sociolinguistics and Language Teaching277

8.5 Summary290

Chapter 9 Cognitive Linguistics296

9.1 Introduction296

9.2 Cognitive Abilities and Cognitive Processes298

9.3 Cognitive Semantics317

9.4 Cognitive Grammar324

Chapter 10 Pragmatics341

10.1 Introduction341

10.2 Speech Act Theory341

10.3 The Classical Theory of Implicature349

10.4 Post-Gricean Theories353

10.5 Recent Developments in Pragmatics361

Chapter 11 Issues of Stylistics370

11.1 Introduction370

11.2 Style and Stylistics372

11.3 Style as Rhetoric：The Initial Stage of Stylistics373

11.4 One Style or Several Styles？375

11.5 Aspects of Style：The Writer-style as Writer’s Individual/Personal Singularities377

11.6 Aspects of Style：The Text-style as Linguistic Sameness （Structural Equivalence）380

11.7 Aspects of Style：The Text-style as Linguistic Difference （Deviation or Foregrounding）383

11.8 Aspects of Style：The Reader-style as Reader’s Response387

11.9 Aspects of Style：The Context：Style as Function389

11.10 Aspects of Style：The Meaning：Style as Meaning Potential393

11.11 Concluding Remarks：Linguistics，Literary Criticism，and Stylistics397

Chapter 12 Computational Linguistics403

12.1 What Is Computational Linguistics？403

12.2 Machine Translation404

12.3 Corpus Linguistics413

12.4 Information Retrieval420

12.5 Looking into the Future424

Chapter 13 Second Language Acquisition430

13.1 Introduction430

13.2 The Role of Internal Mechanisms431

13.3 The Role of Native Language440

13.4 Input，Interaction and Output445

13.5 Non-language Influences447

13.6 Summary450

Chapter 14 Modern Theories and Schools of Linguistics454

14.1 The Beginning of Modern Linguistics454

14.2 The Prague School and the Copenhagen School461

14.3 The London School469

14.4 Halliday and Systemic-Functional Grammar477

14.5 American Structuralism487

14.6 Chomsky and Transformational-Generative Grammar494

14.7 Revisionist/Rebellious Theories510

14.8 Concluding Remarks518